Involves a random variable that can only take on a finite or countable number of values
Continuous Probability
Involves a random variable that can take on any value within a given range
Prior Probability
An initial probability assigned to an event before any new information is obtained
Posterior Probability
The updated probability of an event after incorporating new evidence
Linear Algebra
Linear Algebra
Linear Algebra is the study of vectors and certain rules to manipulate vectors.
Dot Product
Dot product or inner product is an algebraic operation that takes two equal-length sequences of numbers and returns a single number.
Unit Vector
Vector with a length of 1.
Matrix
With m,n ∈ ℕ , a real-valued (m,n) matrix A is a m x n-tuple of elements which is ordered according to a rectangle scheme consisting of m rows and n columns.
Diagonal Matrix
In $\mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ the diagonal matrix is defined as a $nxn$ matrix containing numbers on the diagonal and 0 elsewhere.
Triangular Matrix
A triangular matrix is a square matrix with all entries either above or below the main diagonal being zero
Identity Matrix
In $\mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ the identity matrix is defined as a $nxn$ matrix containing 1 on the diagonal and 0 elsewhere.
Symmetric Matrix
A matrix where the elements are mirrored around the diagonal.
Gaussian Elimination
Performing elementary transformation to bring a system of linear equations into reduced row-echelon form.
Span
Span of a space is defined as all possible linear combinations of all the vectors in that space.
